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宾夕法尼亚州驾照

搬到美国后，在宾夕法尼亚州拿到你的第一本驾照。

简短回答

宾夕法尼亚州在你先通过知识考试、再通过路考之后发放驾照。1另一个美国州的驾照如果仍然有效，或过期不超过六个月，就可以转换。2如果知识考试没有通过，你可以在下一个工作日再考一次。3必须有一名年满 21 岁的持照司机陪你去驾照中心（Driver License Center），路考期间考官是你唯一的乘客。4, 5考试车辆由你自己带来，它必须已注册、贴有当前有效的检验证书，并且有你能在现场出示的保险。6

办理流程

  1. 1
    刚搬来你搬到了宾夕法尼亚州，想在这里开车。
  2. 2
    学习许可你拿着学习驾驶许可（learner permit）上路练车。
  3. 3
    笔试你参加笔试。
  4. 4
    路考你坐上驾驶座，参加路考。
  5. 5
    拿到驾照考试通过，驾照就是你的了。

如果你刚到美国

你的移民身份

通过 SAVE 系统核验的符合条件的非公民，会获得标准的宾夕法尼亚州驾照或带照片的身份卡。7

没有到期日的外国证件

宾夕法尼亚州只对本州或其他州的有效驾照免除知识考试。外国颁发的驾照不符合免考条件，无论其到期日期显示为何。8

  • 持外国驾照你还要参加交通标志考试，考试涵盖所有标准交通标志。认错两个或更多标志即不及格。9

如果你的外州驾照已过期

如果它仍然有效，或过期不超过六个月，就可以转换。2

  • 过期不超过六个月的，可以免知识考试直接转换。过期超过六个月的，不能转换；你需要用 DL-180 表格申请宾夕法尼亚州学习许可证，并通过知识考试和技能考试。10

如果你没有可转换的驾照

外州的学习许可证不能转换到宾夕法尼亚州。11

  • 外州的学习许可证不能转换。过期超过六个月的驾照也不能直接转换；你需要申请宾夕法尼亚州学习许可证，并通过知识考试和技能考试。12

你的社会安全号码

提交你的号码，以及谁可以看到它

根据宾夕法尼亚州车辆法，PennDOT 依法必须收集你的社会安全号码、身高和眼睛颜色，以尽量减少驾照欺诈。社会安全号码不属于你的公开驾驶记录，也不会印在你的许可证或驾照上。13

你要参加的考试

视力检查

每一名驾照申请人都必须参加视力筛查。同样的筛查也适用于更改驾照类别、添加加注或解除限制的任何人，以及任何被该部门认为视力不符合标准的司机。14

  • 如果你在柜台的视力检查不达标，考官会给你一份眼科检查报告表（DL-102），由验光师、眼科医生或家庭医生为你检查视力并填写该表。15

  • 要在没有限制的情况下合格，你的双眼综合视力必须达到 20/40 或更好。16

  • 你可以提前让你的医生或验光师做视力筛查，也可以在前往驾照中心（Driver License Center）时现场做。如果你戴眼镜或隐形眼镜，请带上它们。17

路考

每位非商业驾照申请人都必须参加驾驶考试，除非根据 75 Pa.C.S. § 1502 免于领照。考试在能代表你想获照驾驶的车辆类别的车辆中进行。18

  • 要拿到驾照，你需要参加并通过视力、知识和道路考试。1

笔试的考试次数

没通过的话，你可以在下一个工作日再考一次。3

笔试练习题

考题取自最新版的宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册（Pennsylvania Driver's Manual）。旧版不是该学习的版本。19

  • Publication 95 就是这本手册，包含你获得非商业 C 类驾照所需的信息。20

  • PennDOT 以 Publication 95（PUB 95）的编号出版宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册（Pennsylvania Driver's Manual）。21

  • 宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册（Pennsylvania Driver's Manual）在 pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual。免费的知识测试样题在 pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual/test-your-knowledge，它仅供练习，不计入正式考试。22

  • 你可以在线下载宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册（Pennsylvania Driver's Manual），或收听其音频版本。23

  • PennDOT 发布了官方的 PA Driver's License Practice Test 应用，Android 版在 Google Play 提供，iOS 版在 Apple App Store 提供。24

使用翻译

如果你阅读有困难或不识字，你可以要求工作人员把知识测试大声读给你听。这种语音考试在全州所有驾照中心（Driver License Center）均可应要求提供。25

  • 驾驶员手册的音频版在 https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual/pa-drivers-manual-audio ，而且只要你提出要求，每个驾照中心（Driver License Center）都会把知识测试大声读给你听。26

持许可证练习驾驶

练车时谁可以坐在你旁边

监督你的持照驾驶人必须年满 21 岁；如果对方是你的配偶、父母、监护人或代行父母职责的人，则须年满 18 岁。此人必须持有你所驾车辆类别的驾照，坐在你旁边的座位上，并且不得受酒精或药物影响。27

路考要带什么

谁陪你去

必须有一名持有效驾照的驾驶人陪你去驾照中心（Driver License Center）。该驾驶人必须年满 21 岁；如果对方是你的父母、监护人、代行父母职责的人或配偶，则须年满 18 岁。4

  • 在路考进行时，考官是你唯一的乘客。5

  • 考试之前，你持学习许可证驾驶时，必须始终有一名年满 21 岁的持照驾驶人——或年满 18 岁且是你的父母、监护人、代行父母职责的人或配偶——坐在前排陪同你。28

考试车辆及其保险

驾驶考试的车辆由你提供。车辆必须能代表你申请的类别，注册手续齐全，贴有未过期的检验合格证，你还必须当场出示该车的保险证明。6

去哪里办理

谁来主持考试

路考由宾夕法尼亚州交通部（PennDOT）的驾照中心（driver license center）进行，经 PennDOT 认证的第三方机构也可以进行，但它们收取自己的费用。两种方式考的内容一样。29

办公地点

宾夕法尼亚州在 https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/find-a-location 列出了驾照中心（Driver License Center）的地点。30

其他州

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资料来源

上文每一条带编号的事实，都引自发布它的页面，用的是原文的措辞。

  1. 1

    “You will need to take and pass the Vision, Knowledge and Road tests to get your driver's license.”

    pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-learners-permit

    核查于 2026年8月1日

  2. 2

    “To get a PA Driver's License, surrender your out-of-state license. It must be valid or expired for six months or less.”

    pa.gov/…/transfer-a-drivers-license-from-another-state

    核查于 2026年7月26日

  3. 3

    “If you fail the Knowledge Test, you will be permitted to retake the test the following business day.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  4. 4

    “The valid driver's license of the person, who is at least 21 years of age or a parent, guardian, person in loco parentis, or spouse who is 18 years of age or older, accompanying you to the Driver License Center.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  5. 5

    “The examiner will be your only passenger during the Road Test.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  6. 6

    “As a requirement to take the on-road driving examination, the applicant shall appear at the examination site with a vehicle representative of the type of motor vehicle that the applicant desires to operate. The vehicle shall be properly registered and shall display a current certificate of inspection. The applicant shall also present proof of insurance for the vehicle in which the examination is to be conducted.”

    pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode

    核查于 2026年7月27日

  7. 7

    “THE FOLLOWING CHART LISTS ELIGIBLE STATUSES AND REQUIRED DOCUMENTS. STATUSES ELIGIBLE FOR A DRIVER'S LICENSE OR PHOTO IDENTIFICATION CARD”

    pa.gov/…/pub%20195nc.pdf

    核查于 2026年8月1日

  8. 8

    “Questions will be taken from the most recent edition of the Pennsylvania Driver’s Manual or related publications for specific classes of vehicles, or both. An applicant who correctly answers 80% or more of the questions shall pass the examination. Cheating, failure to follow the instructions of the examiner, offering bribes or gratuities to the examiner, fraud or misrepresentation constitutes an automatic failure of the general knowledge examination. This test may be waived for drivers with a valid driver’s license from this or another state.”

    pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode

    核查于 2026年7月27日

  9. 9

    “shall submit to a road sign examination. The examination shall include identification of all standard road signs. An applicant who identifies two or more signs incorrectly fails the examination. Cheating, failure to follow the instructions of the examiner, offering bribes or gratuities to the examiner, fraud or misrepresentation constitutes an automatic failure of the road sign examination. This test may be waived for drivers with a valid driver’s license from this or another state.”

    pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode

    核查于 2026年7月27日

  10. 10

    “In addition, if your out-of-state driver's license has been expired for more than six months, it cannot be transferred for a Pennsylvania Driver's License. You must apply for a Pennsylvania Learner's Permit (PDF) and complete all applicable knowledge and skills tests in order to obtain a Pennsylvania Driver's License.”

    pa.gov/…/moving-to-pennsylvania

    核查于 2026年8月14日

  11. 11

    “Out-of-state learner's permits cannot be transferred to Pennsylvania.”

    pa.gov/…/moving-to-pennsylvania

    核查于 2026年7月26日

  12. 12

    “Out-of-state learner's permits can't be transferred. Expired out-of-state licenses over six months old require a Pennsylvania Learner's Permit. This needs knowledge and skills tests.”

    pa.gov/…/transfer-a-drivers-license-from-another-state

    核查于 2026年8月1日

  13. 13

    “The Department is required by law to obtain your Social Security number, height and eye color under the provisions of Section 1510(a) and/or 1609(a)(4) of the Pennsylvania Vehicle Code. The information will be used as identifying information in an attempt to minimize driver's license fraud. Your Social Security number is not part of your public driver's record. Federal law permits the use of the Social Security number by state licensing officials for purposes of identification. Your Social Security number will not be printed on your learner's permit or driver's license.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年8月1日

  14. 14

    “An applicant for a driver’s license, a person seeking to qualify to operate a vehicle of a different classification, add an endorsement or remove a restriction from a driver’s license, and every driver whose vision the Department has reason to believe does not meet the visual standards in Chapter 83 (relating to physical and mental criteria, including vision standards relating to the licensing of drivers) shall submit to a vision screening examination.”

    pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode

    核查于 2026年7月27日

  15. 15

    “If your vision fails to meet the vision standards, the examiner will give you a Report of Eye Examination Form (DL-102). You should have an optometrist, ophthalmologist or family physician test your vision and complete this form.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年8月1日

  16. 16

    “Combined vision is 20/40 or better”

    pa.gov/…/dl-180.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月26日

  17. 17

    “If you do not have your vision tested by your HCP or optometrist, your vision will be tested at the driver license center. If you wear glasses or contact lenses, please bring them with you.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  18. 18

    “In addition to the requirements in Subchapter A (relating to general provisions), an applicant for a noncommercial driver’s license, except those exempted under 75 Pa.C.S. § 1502 (relating to persons exempt from licensing), and every driver the Department has reason to believe cannot exercise ordinary and reasonable control in operating a motor vehicle, shall submit to a driving examination. The examination shall be conducted in a vehicle representative of the type or class of motor vehicle that the applicant desires to be licensed to operate.”

    pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode

    核查于 2026年7月27日

  19. 19

    “Questions will be taken from the most recent edition of the Pennsylvania Driver’s Manual or related publications for specific classes of vehicles, or both.”

    pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode

    核查于 2026年7月27日

  20. 20

    “This manual is designed to provide the information you need to get a non-commercial Class C driver's license, which is the class that covers these types of vehicles.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  21. 21

    “PUB 95 (4-21) English Version”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  22. 22

    “Pennsylvania Driver's Manual -> https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual ... Take a Sample Knowledge Test -> https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual/test-your-knowledge”

    pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-learners-permit

    核查于 2026年7月26日

  23. 23

    “You can download a copy of the Pennsylvania Driver's Manual on our website. You can also listen to the audio version of the manual.”

    pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-driver-license

    核查于 2026年7月26日

  24. 24

    “Download for your Android™ directly from Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nicus a.pdt PA Driver's License Practice Test App Download for your iOS Device™ directly from the App Store: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pa-drivers-licensepractice/id925842053?mt=8”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  25. 25

    “Some people who take the Knowledge Test may have trouble reading or in some cases, may not be able to read and would feel more comfortable if the test were read to them. Upon request, voice tests are offered at all Driver License Centers across the commonwealth.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  26. 26

    “audio version -> https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual/pa-drivers-manual-audio”

    pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-driver-license

    核查于 2026年7月26日

  27. 27

    “A learner's permit entitles the person to whom it was issued to drive vehicles and combinations of vehicles of the class or classes specified, but only while the holder of the learner's permit is accompanied by and under the immediate supervision of a person who: (1) is at least 21 years of age or, if the spouse of the learner's permit holder, is at least 18 years of age; or, if a parent, guardian or person in loco parentis of the learner's permit holder, is at least 18 years of age; (2) is licensed to drive vehicles of the class then being driven by the holder of the learner's permit; (3) is actually occupying a seat beside the holder of the learner's permit unless the vehicle is a motorcycle; and (4) is not manifestly under the influence of alcohol or drugs to the degree that the person may endanger themselves or others.”

    web.archive.org/…/00.015..HTM

    核查于 2026年8月1日

  28. 28

    “REMEMBER: A licensed driver who is at least 21 years of age or a parent, guardian, person in loco parentis, or spouse who is 18 years of age or older and holds a driver's license must ride with you in the front seat of your vehicle at all times.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年7月31日

  29. 29

    “Additionally, PennDOT has certified third-party businesses to administer the skills test for a market-driven fee. All third-party examiners are PennDOT-certified and the test is identical to the test that you would take at a PennDOT driver license center.”

    pa.gov/…/pub%2095.pdf

    核查于 2026年8月1日

  30. 30

    “Find a Driver License Center -> https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/find-a-location”

    pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-learners-permit

    核查于 2026年7月26日

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