宾夕法尼亚州驾照
搬到美国后，在宾夕法尼亚州拿到你的第一本驾照。
流程是这样的
- 1你到了你搬到了宾夕法尼亚州，想在这里开车。
- 2学习许可你拿着学习驾驶许可（learner's permit）上路练车。
- 3笔试你参加笔试。
- 4路考你上车参加路考。
- 拿驾照考试通过，驾照就到手了。
费用
第一本驾照
首次办理学习驾驶许可（learner's permit）加四年期驾照是 $45.50；首次办理学习驾驶许可加两年期驾照是 $33.50。
这笔费用在申请时缴纳。
如果你刚到美国
如果你在其他州的驾照已经过期
过期不超过六个月的，仍然可以转换：做一次视力检查，填 DL-180R 表，不用考笔试。过期超过六个月的就不能再转换——你必须申请宾夕法尼亚州的学习驾驶许可（Learner's Permit），并通过所有适用的笔试和路考。
你的社会安全号码（SSN）
提供你的号码，以及谁能看到
法律要求宾夕法尼亚州交通部（PennDOT）收集你的社会安全号码（SSN）、身高和眼睛颜色，用来遏制驾照造假。你的社会安全号码不属于公开的驾驶记录，也不会印在你的学习驾驶许可或驾照上。
要参加的考试
视力检查
每一位驾照申请人都必须做视力检查；更换驾照类别、增加驾驶资格标注（endorsement）或取消限制标注的人同样要做。持有其他州仍在有效期内的驾照，也不能免做。
视力检查可以由验光师、眼科医生或家庭医生完成，结果填在 DL-102 表上。
标准是双眼合并视力达到 20/40 或更好，并且矫正后和未矫正的结果都要记录。如果没有眼科专业人员给你做过检查，就在驾照中心（Driver License Center）现场做。
路考
每一位非商业驾照申请人都必须参加上路驾驶考试。考试用车必须与你申请的驾照类别相符。
需要
笔试有几次机会
没通过的话，你可以在下一个工作日再考一次。
笔试练习题
手册英文版的出版编号是 Publication 95，版次标注为 4-21（2021 年四月）。
考题出自最新版《宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册》（Pennsylvania Driver's Manual）。用旧版复习是不对的。
《宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册》讲的是非商业的 C 类（Class C）驾照——载客汽车、皮卡和厢式车。其他车辆类别有各自单独的手册。
宾夕法尼亚州交通部（PennDOT）出了官方的 PA Driver's License Practice Test App，安卓版在 Google Play，iOS 版在 App Store。
考试内容包括交通标志、法律、行车规则和安全驾驶做法，这些在《宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册》里都有讲。
《宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册》在 pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual。免费的笔试样题在 pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual/test-your-knowledge——那只是练习，不计入正式考试。
你可以下载《宾夕法尼亚州驾驶员手册》，也可以听它的音频版。
使用翻译
如果你阅读有困难，或者完全不识字，可以要求把笔试题读给你听。每个驾照中心（Driver License Center）都可以按要求提供朗读版考试。
驾驶员手册的音频版在 pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual/pa-drivers-manual-audio。
拿着学习许可练车
练车时谁可以陪你
一位年满 21 岁的司机——或者年满 18 岁的配偶、父母、监护人，或行使父母职责的人——并且他持有的驾照能开你正在开的这类车。这个人坐在你旁边的座位上（骑摩托车时除外），而且不能受酒精或药物影响。
路考当天带什么
谁陪你去
必须有一位年满 21 岁的持照司机——或者年满 18 岁的父母、监护人、行使父母职责的人或配偶——陪你到驾照中心（Driver License Center）。你要把这个人仍在有效期内的驾照连同你自己的学习驾驶许可一起出示给考官；少了它，考试就不能进行。
考试过程中，车上只有考官一名乘客。陪你来的那位司机要留在车外。
拿着学习驾驶许可（learner's permit）练车时，必须始终有一位年满 21 岁的持照司机——或者年满 18 岁的父母、监护人、行使父母职责的人或配偶——坐在你旁边的前排座位上。
考试用车和保险
考试用车由你自己带：车必须与你申请的驾照类别相符，登记手续齐全，并且贴有仍在有效期内的年检合格标志（certificate of inspection）。你还要出示这辆车的保险证明；车不必登记在你名下。
去哪里办
谁来考你
路考由宾夕法尼亚州交通部（PennDOT）的驾照中心（driver license center）进行，经 PennDOT 认证的第三方机构也可以进行，但它们收取自己的费用。两种方式考的内容一样。
预约办理
你可以在 dmv.penndot.gov/exam_scheduling/eslogin.jsp 预约路考。该页面需要先登录。
你可以在 dmv.penndot.gov/exam_scheduling/eslogin.jsp 在线预约路考，也可以打电话 717-412-5300 预约。
办公室地点
你可以在 pa.gov/agencies/dmv/find-a-location 找到驾照中心（Driver License Center）。申请表（DL-180 表）必须本人当场递交。
其他州
U
每条出处，原文引用27 条出处
本页的每一条事实都引自发布它的页面，用的是原文的措辞。
“INITIAL PERMITS AND LICENSES Initial Permit & 4-Year License............................................................................................................... $45.50 Initial Permit & 2-Year License (age 65+) .............................................................................................. $33.50”
“You will be required to surrender your out-of-state driver's license (valid or expired six months or less) before PennDOT can issue you a PA Driver's License. ... Although a knowledge test is not required for new residents with out-of-state driver's licenses which are valid or expired six months or less ... Out-of-state learner's permits cannot be transferred to Pennsylvania. In addition, if your out-of-state driver's license has been expired for more than six months, it cannot be transferred for a Pennsylvania Driver's License. You must apply for a Pennsylvania Learner's Permit (PDF) and complete all applicable knowledge and skills tests in order to obtain a Pennsylvania Driver's License.”
“The Department is required by law to obtain your Social Security number, height and eye color under the provisions of Section 1510(a) and/or 1609(a)(4) of the Pennsylvania Vehicle Code. The information will be used as identifying information in an attempt to minimize driver's license fraud. Your Social Security number is not part of your public driver's record. Federal law permits the use of the Social Security number by state licensing officials for purposes of identification. Your Social Security number will not be printed on your learner's permit or driver's license.”
“An applicant for a drivers license, a person seeking to qualify to operate a vehicle of a different classification, add an endorsement or remove a restriction from a drivers license, and every driver whose vision the Department has reason to believe does not meet the visual standards in Chapter 83 (relating to physical and mental criteria, including vision standards relating to the licensing of drivers) shall submit to a vision screening examination.”
pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode核查于 2026年7月27日
“An applicant for a driver's license, a person seeking to qualify to operate a vehicle of a different classification, add an endorsement or remove a restriction from a driver's license, and every driver whose vision the Department has reason to believe does not meet the visual standards in Chapter 83 (relating to physical and mental criteria, including vision standards relating to the licensing of drivers) shall submit to a vision screening examination.”
pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode核查于 2026年8月1日
“VISION SCREENING ... Combined vision is 20/40 or better ... Report of Eye Examination (attached) ... Qualified Without Restrictions Qualified With Restrictions Corrective Lenses”
“In addition to the requirements in Subchapter A (relating to general provisions), an applicant for a noncommercial drivers license, except those exempted under 75 Pa.C.S. § 1502 (relating to persons exempt from licensing), and every driver the Department has reason to believe cannot exercise ordinary and reasonable control in operating a motor vehicle, shall submit to a driving examination. The examination shall be conducted in a vehicle representative of the type or class of motor vehicle that the applicant desires to be licensed to operate.”
pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode核查于 2026年7月27日
“You will need to take and pass the Vision, Knowledge and Road tests to get your driver's license.”
pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-learners-permit核查于 2026年8月1日
“If you fail the Knowledge Test, you will be permitted to retake the test the following business day.”
“PUB 95 (4-21) English Version”
“Questions will be taken from the most recent edition of the Pennsylvania Drivers Manual or related publications for specific classes of vehicles, or both.”
pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode核查于 2026年7月27日
“This manual is designed to provide the information you need to get a non-commercial Class C driver's license, which is the class that covers these types of vehicles.”
“Download for your Android™ directly from Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.nicus a.pdt PA Driver's License Practice Test App Download for your iOS Device™ directly from the App Store: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pa-drivers-licensepractice/id925842053?mt=8”
“You will then take the Knowledge Test ... on signs, laws, driving rules and safe practices described later in this manual.”
“Pennsylvania Driver's Manual -> https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual ... Take a Sample Knowledge Test -> https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual/test-your-knowledge”
pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-learners-permit核查于 2026年7月26日
“You can download a copy of the Pennsylvania Driver's Manual on our website. You can also listen to the audio version of the manual.”
pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-driver-license核查于 2026年7月26日
“Some people who take the Knowledge Test may have trouble reading or in some cases, may not be able to read and would feel more comfortable if the test were read to them. Upon request, voice tests are offered at all Driver License Centers across the commonwealth.”
“audio version -> https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/driver-services/pennsylvania-drivers-manual/pa-drivers-manual-audio”
pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-driver-license核查于 2026年7月26日
“A learner's permit entitles the person to whom it was issued to drive vehicles and combinations of vehicles of the class or classes specified, but only while the holder of the learner's permit is accompanied by and under the immediate supervision of a person who: (1) is at least 21 years of age or, if the spouse of the learner's permit holder, is at least 18 years of age; or, if a parent, guardian or person in loco parentis of the learner's permit holder, is at least 18 years of age; (2) is licensed to drive vehicles of the class then being driven by the holder of the learner's permit; (3) is actually occupying a seat beside the holder of the learner's permit unless the vehicle is a motorcycle; and (4) is not manifestly under the influence of alcohol or drugs to the degree that the person may endanger themselves or others.”
“The valid driver's license of the person, who is at least 21 years of age or a parent, guardian, person in loco parentis, or spouse who is 18 years of age or older, accompanying you to the Driver License Center.”
“The examiner will be your only passenger during the Road Test.”
“REMEMBER: A licensed driver who is at least 21 years of age or a parent, guardian, person in loco parentis, or spouse who is 18 years of age or older and holds a driver's license must ride with you in the front seat of your vehicle at all times.”
“As a requirement to take the on-road driving examination, the applicant shall appear at the examination site with a vehicle representative of the type of motor vehicle that the applicant desires to operate. The vehicle shall be properly registered and shall display a current certificate of inspection. The applicant shall also present proof of insurance for the vehicle in which the examination is to be conducted.”
pacodeandbulletin.gov/Display/pacode核查于 2026年7月27日
“Additionally, PennDOT has certified third-party businesses to administer the skills test for a market-driven fee. All third-party examiners are PennDOT-certified and the test is identical to the test that you would take at a PennDOT driver license center.”
“Schedule a Driver Road Test -> https://www.dmv.penndot.gov/exam_scheduling/eslogin.jsp?navigation=true”
pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-learners-permit核查于 2026年7月26日
“You can schedule a road test online or by calling 717-412-5300.”
pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-driver-license核查于 2026年8月1日
“Find a Driver License Center -> https://www.pa.gov/agencies/dmv/find-a-location”
pa.gov/services/dmv/get-a-learners-permit核查于 2026年7月26日