纽约州驾照
搬到美国后，在纽约州考取你的第一张驾照。
流程怎么走
- 1抵达你搬到了纽约州，想在这里开车。
- 2学车许可你拿着学习驾驶许可（learner permit）上路练车。
- 3笔试你参加笔试。
- 4路考你亲自上车参加路考。
- 拿到驾照你通过考试，驾照就到手了。
费用
第一张驾照
费用没有统一标准：总价取决于你的年龄，以及你是否住在大都会通勤交通区（MCTD），一次付费同时涵盖学习驾驶许可（learner permit）和驾照。年满 21 岁申请 Class D 驾照，MCTD 以外为 $64.25 至 $67.50，MCTD 以内为 $73.25 至 $77.50。
凡是带照片的许可或驾照证件，都要在驾照费和 $10 申请费之外，再加收固定的 $12.50 照片费。
如果你住在大都会通勤交通区——也就是纽约市周边的 MTA 区域——你的许可或驾照有效期每六个月要多付 $1，首次发证时收一次，更新时再收一次。
大都会通勤交通区覆盖纽约市及周边州南部各县，住在该区的居民要在驾照类别费用之外，按许可或驾照有效期每六个月多付 $1。更新时同样加收这 $1。
Class D 或 M 驾照的费用是 $98.50。
Class D、DJ、M 或 MJ 驾照按有效期每六个月（不满六个月按六个月计）收取三美元二十五美分，所以总价取决于你的驾照有效期有多长。Class C 和 Class E 的费率是每六个月六美元二十五美分。
驾照费用由法律规定：除非州议会修法，车管局（DMV）不能自行涨价或加收附加费。
车管局（DMV）不能自行提高费用，也不能加收附加费或罚金。只有州议会可以通过修法来改动它。
申请驾照或学习许可的费用在 $64.50 到 $107.50 之间，可以用现金、支票、信用卡或借记卡支付。
这笔钱在申请时支付。
如果你刚到美国
如果你另一州的驾照已经过期
被暂扣或吊销的驾照（先处理完，再出示有效驾照）、困难驾照或仅限工作用途的驾照，以及标注不可更新或不可转换的驾照，都不能换领。如果你的驾照丢失或被盗，可以向原来的州申请补发带照片的驾照，补发的驾照必须能显示你的驾照有效期至少有 6 个月。
需要带的材料
- 仍在有效期内的文件车管局（DMV）不接受过期文件，除非 ID-44 清单明确说明可以。
你的社会安全号码（SSN）
提交号码，以及谁能看到它
车管局（DMV）收集社会安全号码（SSN），是为了与警方、其他州和联邦政府更准确地交换驾照数据。
申请或更新任何驾照或身份证件时，你都必须提交社会安全号码（SSN），或提交你不符合申领条件的证明。号码不会印在证件上，也不属于公开记录。
要考的考试
视力检查
达不到 20/40 也不是没有办法：戴矫正镜片后视力在 20/40 到 20/70 之间时，只要你的水平视野至少有 140 度，仍然符合条件。走这条路需要医生、眼科医生或验光师出具的证明。
首次申请和更新的标准相同：任一只眼或双眼达到 20/40，戴不戴矫正镜片都可以。检查可以由纽约州车管局（DMV）、其他州的 DMV，或有执照的专业人员完成，比如医生、医师助理、验光师、眼科医生、配镜师、药剂师、执业护士或注册护士。
你不一定要在车管局（DMV）柜台做检查：已注册的视力检查机构可以通过 Vision Registry（视力登记系统）提交你的结果。也可以在驾照上加注佩戴矫正镜片的限制来满足这项要求。
基本标准是任一只眼或双眼达到 20/40，戴不戴矫正镜片都可以。只有一只眼有视力也够，只要那只眼达到 20/40。
路考
你必须用与所申请驾照类别相符的代表性车辆参加路考。车管局局长可以对某些类别的申请人免除路考；法律没有写明免除的标准。
除更新外，每一次驾照申请都要通过路考，路考用车必须与你申请的驾照类别相符。
笔试可以考几次
$10 申请费包含两次考试机会。两次之间不用等待，总次数也没有上限。
如果你在网上通过了学习许可笔试，并在头 3 个工作日内去办事处，你必须在办事处重考并通过。
用完申请费包含的考试机会并不会把你拦在门外：再交一笔 $10 申请费就能重新获得机会。反复不及格的后果仅此而已。
每笔申请费包含两次机会；两次都没过，就要再交一笔申请费。
笔试练习题
凡是开设考照前课程的地点，报名时都必须能领到覆盖全部课程内容的教学手册。
驾驶员手册和模拟试题在 dmv.ny.gov 上。
纽约州的备考资料是《驾照手册》（Driver License Manual，MV-21 表），以 PDF 形式发布。它也能帮你准备路考。
车管局（DMV）受理你的学习驾驶许可申请时，必须发给你一本驾驶员手册。手册内容包括交通法规、关于药驾和醉驾的法律及其对身体的影响、避免撞上停放或停驶车辆的义务，以及交通标志和符号。
使用翻译
在考照的任何阶段，你都可以申请用书面以外的形式参加知识考试（笔试），例如口试；只要你符合条件，车管局（DMV）就必须按这种形式安排。这种替代形式的考试要多收 $5。
拿学习许可练车
练车时谁能坐在你旁边
练车时，你必须由一位年满 21 岁的人贴身监督和掌控，这个人要持有在纽约州有效、且适用于你所驾车型的驾照。
这条规则不分年龄：持学习许可练车必须始终有持照司机陪同，并且有规定限制你持许可能在哪些地方开车。
监督你的人必须年满 21 岁，并持有在纽约州有效、适用于该车型的驾照——法律没有说其他州或其他国家的驾照也算数。许可上还可能印有进一步的限制。
要参加路考，必须在持照司机陪同下练过车，也必须上过一门注册的考照前课程，两样缺一不可。
路考要带什么
谁陪你去
路考时必须另有一名司机：如果由对方开车送你去考场，对方要年满 18 岁；如果你自己开车去，对方要年满 21 岁。无论哪种情况，对方都必须随身携带实体驾照，且驾照适用于你考试用的车辆。
车上只能坐这名陪同司机——不允许载其他乘客。两名司机都不能用 Mobile ID（电子驾照）；驾照必须是实体的，并且适用于考试车辆。
如果陪同司机的驾照不符合要求，车管局（DMV）可以拒绝让你参加路考。
车里的考官不算你的监督司机或陪同司机。往返考场，你仍然需要自己找一名符合条件的司机。
路考进行中是法律唯一允许你无驾照开车的时候。去考场和离开考场的路上，你仍然必须有合法的陪同。
考试用车和保险
考试车辆要你自己准备——纽约州不提供。车辆必须有有效的注册、保险和年检，性能正常，车况整洁。
考试期间行车记录仪和其他一切录制设备都必须关闭——试图录制就不予考试。唯一的例外是车管局安装的安全或监控设备，装有这类设备时考试能否照常进行，由考官当天决定。
纽约州自己的电子证件 Mobile ID 在路考时不被接受，你和陪同司机都一样。请带实体卡。
车辆不符合法律要求、材料不齐、陪同司机驾照不符合要求，或车上载有危险物品，都可能让你在考试当场被拒。考官有权检查所载物品。
去哪里办
考试由谁主持
路考由机动车驾照考官，或车管局局长指定的其他人员主持。考官不算你的陪同司机——往返考场，你仍然需要自己找一名符合条件的司机。
考试由车管局（DMV）驾照考官主持，开考前考官会给你本人、你的材料、你的学习驾驶许可和车辆拍照。
路考由车管局（Department of Motor Vehicles）的工作人员——驾照考官——主持。任何其他机构都无权组织路考。
预约
你可以在 nyrtsscheduler.com 预约路考。这个网址不在 ny.gov 域名下，但它是纽约州官方的路考预约系统。
你可以在 public.nydmvreservation.com 预约车管局（DMV）办事。
办事处地点
你可以在 dmv.ny.gov/contact-us/office-locations 查找车管局（DMV）办事处并预约。
其他州
U
每条出处，原文引用47 条出处
本页的每一条事实都引自发布它的页面，用的是原文的措辞。
“The fee for your first New York State driver license or permit, or a new license or permit after a revocation, depends on your age when you apply and where you live. The total fee includes the driver license application fee the fee for the type of license (see driver license classes for more info) the document fees the Metropolitan Commuter Transportation District (MCTD) fee, if you live in the MCTD”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/fees-refunds核查于 2026年8月15日
“Photo image fee. In addition to any other fee prescribed herein, a fee of twelve dollars and fifty cents shall be charged for the processing of each learner permit or license document requiring a photo image.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“Supplemental learner permit/license fee in the metropolitan commuter transportation district. (i) Upon passage of the knowledge test required to obtain a learner's permit, an applicant for a driver's license who resides in the metropolitan commuter transportation district established by section one thousand two hundred sixty-two of the public authorities law shall be required to pay a supplemental fee of one dollar for each six months or portion thereof of the period of validity of a learner's permit or license which is or may be issued”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“an applicant for a driver's license who resides in the metropolitan commuter transportation district established by section one thousand two hundred sixty-two of the public authorities law shall be required to pay a supplemental fee of one dollar for each six months or portion thereof of the period of validity of a learner's permit or license which is or may be issued”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“License (Class D or M) ... $ 98.50”
dmv.ny.gov/forms/id44.pdf核查于 2026年7月28日
“an applicant for a class D, DJ, M or MJ license shall be required to pay three dollars and twenty-five cents for each six months or portion thereof of the period of validity of a learner's permit or license which is or may be issued”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“Learner Permit (Class DJ/D or MJ/M) ... $ 136.00”
dmv.ny.gov/forms/id44.pdf核查于 2026年7月28日
“In no event shall the commissioner increase fees or impose surcharges or penalties for the issuance or renewal of licenses without the specific mandate of the legislature effected pursuant to an amendment to this chapter.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“The fees to apply for a driver license or permit range between$64.50 and $107.50 and can be paid by cash, check, or credit/debit card.”
“You cannot exchange your license if it is suspended or revoked. You must remove the suspension or revocation and bring to a New York State DMV office a valid driver license that meets the requirements listed above. a hardship or an "employment-only driver license". marked "non-renewable" or "non-transferable". lost or stolen. You can apply to the previous state for a replacement photo driver license. The replacement driver license must: be a photo driver license show that your out-of-state driver license was valid for at least 6 months”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/exchange-out-of-state-license核查于 2026年8月14日
“Unless specifically noted, DMV does not accept expired documents.”
dmv.ny.gov/forms/id44.pdf核查于 2026年8月1日
“The acquisition of social security numbers of such licensees and identification card holders will permit the department to more accurately exchange driver's license data with police agencies, other states and the Federal government.”
“An applicant for a license or a non-driver identification card or an applicant renewing such a license or such identification card must submit his or her social security number or provide proof that he/she is not eligible for a social security number.”
“He has a minimum visual acuity of less than 20/40 but not less than 20/70 (Snellen) in either or both eyes with corrective lenses and has a horizontal field of vision of no less than 140 degrees as tested in accordance with section 5.4(b) of this Part.”
“The minimum vision standards for the issuance of an original or renewal driver license shall be the same.”
“o Passed in Office o Vision Registry o Corrective Lens”
dmv.ny.gov/forms/mv44.pdf核查于 2026年7月26日
“He has a minimum visual acuity of 20/40 (Snellen) in either or both eyes with or without corrective lenses, as tested in accordance with section 5.4 of this Part.”
“the commissioner shall cause the applicant to take a road test in a representative vehicle of a type prescribed by the commissioner which shall be appropriate to the type of license for which application is made, except that the commissioner may waive the road test requirements for certain classes of applicants”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“In addition to any other tests required, an applicant for a license, other than a renewal license, shall be required to pass a road test in a vehicle appropriate to the type of license for which application is made, except that such road test requirement shall be waived:”
“If application is made for any license other than a commercial driver's license, such fee shall enable the applicant to take the knowledge test required for issuance of a learner's permit and driver's license no more than twice.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“If you go to an office within the first 3 business days, you will be required to re-take and pass your permit test in the office before completing your transaction.”
“If an applicant fails to pass the knowledge test required for issuance of a learner's permit in the number of times specified in subparagraph (i) or (ii) of this paragraph, a new application fee shall be required.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“If application is made for any license other than a commercial driver's license, such fee shall enable the applicant to take the knowledge test required for issuance of a learner's permit and driver's license no more than twice. ... If an applicant fails to pass the knowledge test required for issuance of a learner's permit in the number of times specified ... a new application fee shall be required.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT/503核查于 2026年8月1日
“The commissioner shall make available for distribution upon registration at each location where the pre-licensing course will be given (1) instructional handbooks outlining the content of the entire curriculum of the pre-licensing course including the information required to be included in the course pursuant to paragraphs (c), (c-1), (c-2), (c-3), (c-4) and (c-5) of this subdivision, and (2) information as to how a person may register in the New York state organ and tissue donor registry under section forty-three hundred ten of the public health law.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“The driver ... manual and practice exams are available on our website at ... dmv.ny.gov”
dmv.ny.gov/forms/id44.pdf核查于 2026年7月28日
“reviewing the Driver License Manual (MV-21) (PDF)”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/schedule-and-take-a-road-test核查于 2026年7月23日
“Upon acceptance of an application for a learner's permit the commissioner shall provide the applicant with a driver's manual which includes but is not limited to the laws relating to traffic, the laws relating to and physiological effects of driving while ability impaired and driving while intoxicated, the law for exercising due care to avoid colliding with a parked, stopped or standing vehicle pursuant to section eleven hundred forty-four-a of this chapter, explanations of traffic signs and symbols and such other matters as the commissioner may prescribe.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“If a knowledge test is required in any stage of the licensing process, the applicant may request that such test be given in a form other than written and if the applicant meets the eligibility standards established by the commissioner for an alternative test then the commissioner shall give such test in an alternative form. An additional fee of five dollars shall be required for such an alternative test.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“Such permit shall be valid only ... when the holder is under the immediate supervision and control of a person at least twenty-one years of age who holds a license valid in this state for the operation of the type of vehicle being operated”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT/501核查于 2026年8月1日
“Learner permit holders of any age must obey certain restrictions about where they can drive and always be accompanied by a licensed driver to practice driving.”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/get-learner-permit核查于 2026年8月4日
“Such permit shall be valid only (i) for the operation of a motor vehicle of a type which could be operated by the holder of the class of license for which application is being made; (ii) when the holder is under the immediate supervision and control of a person at least twenty-one years of age who holds a license valid in this state for the operation of the type of vehicle being operated; and (iii) in accordance with any additional restrictions prescribed by the commissioner and noted on such permit.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“Before you take your road test you must practice driving with a licensed driver and take a registered pre-licensing course.”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/get-learner-permit核查于 2026年8月4日
“a driver over the age of 18 (if a licensed driver is driving the permit-holder to the test site) or over the age of 21 (if the permit-holder is driving to the test site). In either situation, the other driver must have a physical driver's license that is valid to operate the test vehicle”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/schedule-and-take-a-road-test核查于 2026年7月23日
“a driver over the age of 18 (if a licensed driver is driving the permit-holder to the test site) or over the age of 21 (if the permit-holder is driving to the test site). In either situation, the other driver must have a physical driver's license that is valid to operate the test vehicle ... only the accompanying driver of the vehicle (no other passengers are allowed) ... Mobile ID (MiD) is not acceptable for either driver.”
“if the accompanying driver (if required) is not properly licensed”
“A motor vehicle license examiner or other agent designated by the commissioner, while engaged in conducting a road test is not deemed to be a supervising or an accompanying driver in relation to the applicant being tested.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“no person shall operate or drive a motor vehicle upon a public highway of this state or upon any sidewalk or to or from any lot adjacent to a public garage, supermarket, shopping center or car washing establishment or to or from or into a public garage or car washing establishment unless he is duly licensed pursuant to the provisions of this chapter”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“a vehicle to drive during the test that has a valid registration, insurance, and inspection, operates properly, and is in clean condition”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/schedule-and-take-a-road-test核查于 2026年7月23日
“No applicant or any other person, other than a Department of Motor Vehicles employee or other party designated by the department, may use any audio, visual or other recording equipment in or on a motor vehicle operated by an applicant during a skills test. The skills test shall not be conducted if the applicant or any other person, other than a Department of Motor Vehicles employee or other designated party, uses or attempts to use audio, visual or other recording equipment during the skills test.”
“Please note : Mobile ID (MiD) is not acceptable for either driver.”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/schedule-and-take-a-road-test核查于 2026年7月23日
“An applicant may be refused a skills test if the vehicle in which the applicant is to be tested does not comply with the law, if the applicant does not have proper documents, if the accompanying driver (if required) is not properly licensed, or if the vehicle is carrying a dangerous load. Loads may be checked by the person giving the skills test.”
“A motor vehicle license examiner or other agent designated by the commissioner, while engaged in conducting a road test is not deemed to be a supervising or an accompanying driver in relation to the applicant being tested.”
nysenate.gov/legislation/laws/VAT核查于 2026年7月31日
“License examiner will take pictures of the applicant, required documents, learner permit and vehicle before the road test.”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/schedule-and-take-a-road-test核查于 2026年7月23日
“The Department of Motor Vehicles employee conducting the skills test shall determine if the skills test may be taken with such equipment installed in or on the vehicle.”
“Schedule a Test -> https://nyrtsscheduler.com/”
dmv.ny.gov/driver-license/schedule-and-take-a-road-test核查于 2026年7月23日
“[Make A Reservation](https://public.nydmvreservation.com/ "NY DMV Reservation")”
r.jina.ai/https://dmv.ny.gov/location/albany核查于 2026年8月2日
“[DMV Office Locations and Reservations](https://dmv.ny.gov/contact-us/office-locations)”
r.jina.ai/https://dmv.ny.gov/location/albany核查于 2026年8月4日